In-depth

What is Microsoft Edge? Everything you need to know

Microsoft's replacement for Internet Explorer now functions as a genuine alternative to Chrome

14 May 2021

Internet Explorer, Microsoft’s former flagship web browser, had been running since 1995 and had undergone several changes through the years. There was, however, a crying need for a new, modernised, and updated iteration that was fit for the time.

Microsoft Edge was first launched in 2015 as the first major refresh for 20 years, introducing a new user interface alongside a suite of useful features. The browser has, since then, undergone radical change itself, and the latest version is based entirely on the open source Chromium source code, while being retooled with more business-friendly features.

Although some businesses still use Internet Explorer in some capacity, Edge is now considered the default browser for most systems, including Windows 10. It overtook the legacy browser in terms of market share in August 2019, and Microsoft announced it would be retiring Internet Explorer in 2021.

There may be users out there who are reluctant to use Edge, because it’s not as widespread as its rivals such as Google Chrome, but Microsoft insists that the latest version of its flagship browser is fit for purpose and lightning-fast. The software has received numerous updates over the years, including feature overhauls as well as bug fixes, to the extent that it’s now on par with the aforementioned Google Chrome, as well as Safari and Firefox, among other competing browsers.

Microsoft is also planning to continue to refine the browser over the coming years, with support for Chrome-based extensions, as well as faster running speed, among recent improvements. Edge for iOS and Android are also in development, and offer synchronisation between different devices.

Microsoft is hoping to chip away at that share with a steady stream of feature and stability updates, and has already launched a long-awaited Mac version of Edge earlier this year – although taking on Chrome will be a tough challenge.

Design & features

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Edge has a noticeably cleaner look than IE 10 or IE 11 and is very much in line with the overall Windows 10 aesthetic. Think squared-off corners on tabs, 2D design, and monochrome for the basic colouring of the browser window.

Business pivot

In November 2019, Microsoft released the biggest update to its Edge browser since migrating to the Chromium source code in 2018. This included a snazzy new logo and a slew of more business-focused features that brought intranet and internet search together.

With this update, company intranet directories can be accessed within the Edge browser, simply by entering a name into the Edge search bar. Searches are based on previous interactions. This also includes natural language search to find job titles, team names, office locations, and also a variety of internal company information.

Other features include drag and drop search, which allows employees to drag and drop items from search results into a sharable list that comes with all the appropriate images and data for the item. This can also be exported into Excel.

One of the headline benefits of Edge is that it's now the preinstalled browser that ships with Windows 10. The obvious advantage here is that you don't need to install any third-party software in order to start browsing. This isn't the case with Firefox or Chrome, of course, so will save you some time if you want to hit the internet as soon as you unbox your shiny new Windows 10 machine. And the great thing about Edge is that it's not simply a browser add-on to Windows 10. It's pretty well integrated into the entire platform, so you can use the Cortana voice assistant to perform voice searches, for example, or save information straight to OneDrive without too much hassle at all.

Another big bonus of the Edge browser is that it will present tailored content, specifically relevant to your interests, whether that be news headlines, weather reports or other content from the web that it thinks you'll be interested in, based on your web-based activities.

Live annotations

However, one of Edge's smartest features is the ability it gives you to write directly on the browser window - making annotations, highlighting parts of the text, and more. It's a feature supported across devices, so whether you're using a small mobile screen, a tablet, hybrid, or large-screened laptop, you can simply put pen to screen and annotate things you find interesting. It supports both finger and stylus, or mouse and keyboard if you wish whatever tools are at your disposal and whether you're using a touch-friendly device or not.

Tabs are also well thought out in Microsoft Edge. You're not limited to a static experience; it's much more immersive, with each tab displaying a thumbnail of its contents so you can find the one you're looking for without having to open each. These tabs can be saved into collections, saved for viewing at a later date.

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There is also a 'Set these tabs aside' button at the top left of the screen which allows you to clear all of the open tabs. The button to the side of it brings up a panel displaying all the groups of tabs you've set aside in the past, allowing you to bring them back with one click.

You can also 'mute tabs' if content is playing in one of them, rather than turning off the sound on your entire computer.

There's also a 'Reading List' feature that syncs your content between different devices as well as a useful 'Reading Mode', which makes it easier to read the content you're viewing on devices.

One of the most recent additions to Microsoft Edge, as released in the April Windows 10 update is the ability to automatically fill in personal information and credit card data when paying for goods online.

Performance

Edge was initially sneered at by many for being clunky and slow, but it's not as much of a slowpoke as you may think. In fact, it beat Chrome and Firefox in the majority of our benchmark tests, proving that it can go toe-to-toe with the biggest in the business.

Microsoft Edge also sports a new rendering engine called EdgeHTML. This replaces the Trident engine used in IE over the last couple of decades. The new browser also doesn't support legacy technologies such as ActiveX and Browser Helper Objects, and instead uses an extension system, much like rivals Firefox and Chrome.

Compatibility

Redmond has removed 220,000 lines of code from IE for Edge, which was formerly referred to as Project Spartan. Microsoft has also got rid of over 300 interfaces, it said in a blog post.

Many of the alterations have been made to bring Edge into line with rival browsers such as Chrome and Firefox, rather than its outdated predecessor.

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"Not supporting these legacy technologies in Microsoft Edge has a number of benefits: better interoperability with other modern browsers, improved performance, security & reliability, and reduced code complexity, just to name a few," wrote principal program manager lead Charles Morris and senior program manager, Jacob Rossi.

Hundreds of non-interoperable APIs have also been removed, some because they have replacements and others for the compatibility issues they pose, highlighting Microsoft's commitment to interoperability with the new browser.

Microsoft Edge and Internet Explorer

The old IE is still available for Windows 10 users for now, but support will be removed in August this year. This means the Internet Explorer brand will not only be behind in terms of features, but it may ultimately become a cyber security risk to use it as your main browser.

Users will no longer be able to see new Microsoft 365 features in Internet Explorer 11, nor will any new Teams features be supported. It's also important to note that Microsoft stopped supporting the legacy version of Microsoft Edge on 9 March 2021, meaning the desktop app will no longer receive updates.

All Internet Explorer and legacy Edge users are urged to migrate to the new Chromium-based Edge as soon as possible.